A while back, Search Engine Land published The Periodic Table Of SEO Ranking Factors. This was a great article and graphic piece that broke down the different aspects of SEO and what influences page/site rankings. Having a chemstry background, I really enjoyed how they set this up and just like the “real” periodic table, it just makes sense!
They broke the table down into various sections. They are: Content, HTML, Architecture, Links, Social, Trust, Personalization, Violations, Blocking